by PushtoLearn
Wann verwende ich das Present Perfect? Regeln und Beispiele
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Present Perfect – Übungen
Diese Übungen konzentrieren sich auf das Present Perfect.
Was ist das Present Perfect?
Wir verwenden das Present Perfect, um über Folgendes zu sprechen:
1. Handlungen, die in der Vergangenheit begonnen haben und bis jetzt andauern
I have lived in London for five years. (I still live there.)
2. Vergangene Erfahrungen (ohne zu sagen, wann sie passiert sind)
She has visited Japan. (No specific time.)
3. Handlungen, die gerade passiert sind (jüngste Vergangenheit)
I have just finished my homework.
4. Handlungen, die in der Vergangenheit passiert sind und Auswirkungen auf die Gegenwart haben
He has lost his keys. (He still doesn’t have them.)
Wie bildet man das Present Perfect?
Die Struktur lautet:
[Subjekt] + [have/has] + [Past Participle]
|
Subjekt |
Hilfsverb (have/has) |
Past Participle |
|
I |
have |
seen |
|
You |
have |
eaten |
|
He/She/It |
has |
gone |
|
We |
have |
done |
|
They |
have |
written |
Beispiele:
-
I have seen that movie before.
-
She has finished her work.
-
We have never been to Paris.
Partizip II (Past Participle) – Was ist das?
Das Partizip II ist die dritte Verbform. Manche Verben sind regelmäßig (-ed-Endung), viele sind jedoch unregelmäßig.
|
Infinitiv |
Past Simple |
Past Participle |
|
walk |
walked |
walked |
|
eat |
ate |
eaten |
|
go |
went |
gone |
|
write |
wrote |
written |
|
see |
saw |
seen |
Häufige Zeitangaben beim Present Perfect
|
Zeitangabe |
Example |
|
Ever (in Fragen) |
Have you ever traveled abroad? |
|
Never (negative Erfahrung) |
I have never tried sushi. |
|
Just (sehr kürzlich) |
She has just arrived. |
|
Already (früher als erwartet) |
They have already finished their work. |
|
Yet (in Verneinungen/Fragen) |
Has he called you yet? / I haven’t finished yet. |
|
For + Dauer |
We have lived here for 10 years. |
|
Since + Zeitpunkt |
She has worked here since 2015. |
Present Perfect vs. Past Simple
Ein häufiger Fehler ist die Verwechslung von Present Perfect und Past Simple.
|
Situation |
Present Perfect |
Past Simple |
|
Keine Zeitangabe |
I have visited Spain. |
(incorrect) |
|
Konkrete Zeitangabe |
(incorrect) |
I visited Spain in 2020. |
|
Gilt noch jetzt |
She has lived here for 5 years. (She still lives here.) |
She lived here for 5 years. (She does not live here now.) |
