by PushtoLearn
Quand utiliser le Present Perfect? Règles et exemples
Table des matières
Present Perfect – Exercices
Ces exercices se concentrent sur le Present Perfect.
Qu’est-ce que le Present Perfect ?
On utilise le Present Perfect pour parler de :
1. Actions commencées dans le passé et qui continuent maintenant
I have lived in London for five years. (I still live there.)
2. Expériences passées (sans préciser quand elles ont eu lieu)
She has visited Japan. (No specific time.)
3. Actions qui viennent de se produire (passé récent)
I have just finished my homework.
4. Actions qui se sont produites dans le passé mais qui ont un effet sur le présent
He has lost his keys. (He still doesn’t have them.)
Comment former le Present Perfect
La formule est :
[Subject] + [have/has] + [past participle]
|
Subject |
Helping Verb (have/has) |
Past Participle |
|
I |
have |
seen |
|
You |
have |
eaten |
|
He/She/It |
has |
gone |
|
We |
have |
done |
|
They |
have |
written |
Examples :
-
I have seen that movie before.
-
She has finished her work.
-
We have never been to Paris.
Le participe passé – qu’est-ce que c’est ?
Le participe passé est la troisième forme du verbe. Certains verbes suivent un modèle régulier (terminaison -ed), mais beaucoup sont irréguliers.
|
Base Verb |
Past Simple |
Past Participle |
|
walk |
walked |
walked |
|
eat |
ate |
eaten |
|
go |
went |
gone |
|
write |
wrote |
written |
|
see |
saw |
seen |
Expressions de temps courantes avec le Present Perfect
|
Time Expression |
Example |
|
Ever (dans les questions) |
Have you ever traveled abroad? |
|
Never (expérience négative) |
I have never tried sushi. |
|
Just (action très récente) |
She has just arrived. |
|
Already (plus tôt que prévu) |
They have already finished their work. |
|
Yet (dans les phrases négatives/questions) |
Has he called you yet? / I haven’t finished yet. |
|
For + durée |
We have lived here for 10 years. |
|
Since + point dans le temps |
She has worked here since 2015. |
Present Perfect vs. Past Simple
Une erreur fréquente est de confondre le Present Perfect et le Past Simple.
|
Situation |
Present Perfect |
Past Simple |
|
Aucune indication de temps |
I have visited Spain. |
(incorrect) |
|
Temps spécifique indiqué |
(incorrect) |
I visited Spain in 2020. |
|
Toujours vrai maintenant |
She has lived here for 5 years. (She still lives here.) |
She lived here for 5 years. (She does not live here now.) |
