Unit 4

Palabra

Definición

Ejemplo

ache

(v) to feel a steady pain; (n) a continuous, dull pain.

I banged my finger a couple of days ago and it still aches.

ankle

the joint connecting your foot to your leg.

I fell over yesterday and twisted my ankle.

bandage

(v) to cover a wound with cloth; (n) a strip of cloth used to protect an injury.

The nurse wrapped a bandage around Jill's arm.

blood

the red liquid that flows through your body.

I cut my finger and got blood on my bedroom carpet.

bone

the hard parts inside your body that form the skeleton.

There are more than 200 bones in the human body.

chin

the part of your face below your mouth.

My dad's got a small beard on his chin.

cold

a common illness that makes you cough, sneeze, or have a runny nose.

I can't go swimming after school today because I've got a cold.

cough

(v) to force air from your lungs suddenly; (n) the action or sound of coughing.

I've had a cough for three days so I'm going to start taking some medicine.

cut

(v) to injure your skin with something sharp; (n) a wound made by something sharp.

Put your finger over the cut until it stops bleeding.

flu

an illness with fever, headache, and sore muscles.

My sister has flu so she's not going to school this week.

hurt

to cause pain or injury.

Did you hurt yourself when you fell off your bike?

infection

a disease caused by bacteria or viruses entering the body.

Take antibiotics for a week to stop the infection.

injure

to harm or damage part of your body.

Lots of people injure themselves while doing sport.

knee

the joint in the middle of your leg that bends.

I banged my knee on the desk and now it hurts when I walk.

medicine

something you take to treat or prevent illness.

Buy some medicine for your cough from the pharmacy.

operation

a medical procedure where doctors cut into the body to fix something.

My grandma's just gone into hospital to have an operation.

pain

an unpleasant feeling in your body when you are hurt or sick.

If you feel any pain in your teeth, see a dentist immediately.

prescription

a written note from a doctor for medicine.

The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics.

shoulder

the part of your body between your arm and neck.

She was carrying a red bag over her left shoulder.

skin

the outer layer covering your body.

Skin burns easily in the sun, so put sun cream on before you go out.

cheer up

to start feeling happier.

Theo looks sad – let's cheer him up!

come down with

to become ill with something.

I feel a bit strange – I hope I'm not coming down with a cold.

feel up to

to feel well enough or strong enough to do something.

Tony's a bit better, but he still doesn't feel up to having visitors.

get down

to make someone feel sad or depressed.

It really got me down when my dog got lost.

get over

to recover from an illness or a difficult situation.

It took me about two weeks to completely get over my cold.

pass on

to give something to someone else, or to spread an illness.

If we don't wash our hands we can pass on disease to other people.

pass out

to faint or lose consciousness.

It was so hot in the room, I nearly passed out.

put on

to gain weight, or to dress yourself in clothes.

Babies get weighed every week to check they are putting on weight.

do homework / housework

to complete school tasks or clean and organize your home.

Don't forget to do your homework this evening.

do your teeth/ hair

to brush your teeth or style your hair.

I always do my teeth after breakfast and before bed.

do/take some exercise

to do physical activity to stay healthy.

How much physical exercise do you do each week?

have flu or a cold/cough/ headache

to be ill with one of these common health problems.

Freya has a headache so I'm going to get some aspirin for her.

have surgery or an operation

to receive medical treatment that involves cutting into the body.

My cousin's just gone into hospital to have surgery on her knee.

have/take a bath/shower

to wash your body in water.

I'm going to take a quick shower before dinner.

have/take medicine

to swallow or use medicine prescribed by a doctor.

Take this medicine twice a day for a week.

make a mistake

to do something wrong.

If you make a mistake, cross it out and write it again correctly.

make an effort

to try hard to do something.

When Theodore broke his leg, everyone made an effort to help him.

make fun of sb

to laugh at or tease someone.

My older brother always makes fun of me – it's so annoying!

make up your mind

to decide what to do.

I can't make up my mind whether to buy the green T-shirt or the blue one.

make your bed

to arrange the sheets and pillows neatly after sleeping.

Don't forget to make your bed before you go to school.

make/take a decision

to choose what you will do.

I've made a decision – I'm going to buy the green T-shirt.

take care of sb

to look after someone and keep them safe or healthy.

A nurse visits twice a day to take care of my granddad.

accommodate

to provide someone with a place to stay or live.

The hotel can accommodate up to 200 guests.

agree

to have the same opinion as someone else.

I agree with you — that's a great idea.

amaze

to surprise someone very much.

The magician's tricks amazed the children.

communicate

to share information, ideas, or feelings with others.

We use emails and messages to communicate at work.

decide

to choose between different options.

I decided to study abroad next year.

enjoy

to take pleasure in something.

I really enjoy listening to music.

entertain

to amuse or interest people.

The comedian entertained the audience with his jokes.

equip

to provide someone or something with the things they need.

The school is well equipped with modern computers.

excite

to make someone feel very happy or interested.

The idea of traveling to Japan excites me.

improve

to make something better.

Your English has improved a lot this year.

infect

to spread germs or disease to someone.

The virus can infect many people very quickly.

operate

to perform surgery or control a machine.

The doctor will operate on her leg tomorrow.

organise

to plan or arrange something carefully.

He helped organise the school trip.

prescribe

to officially recommend or give medicine to a patient.

The doctor prescribed antibiotics for my throat infection.

protect

to keep someone or something safe from harm.

This sunscreen will protect your skin from the sun.

treat

to give medical help or care to someone who is ill or injured.

The hospital treated hundreds of patients after the storm.