Czasowniki nieregularne

Infinito

Passato

Participio

Znaczenie

Example

be

was/were

been

istnieć; tożsamość

We were late, but it has been a great day.

bear

bore

borne/born

nosić; rodzić

The bridge has borne heavy traffic for years.

beat

beat

beaten

uderzać; pokonać

Our team has beaten the record again.

become

became

become

stać się

She became a nurse after college.

begin

began

begun

zaczynać

The class has begun—please sit down.

bend

bent

bent

zginać

He bent the wire into a hook.

bet

bet/betted

bet/betted

obstawiać; ryzykować

I bet he’ll call tonight.

bite

bit

bitten

gryźć

I’ve never bitten my nails.

bleed

bled

bled

krwawić

His nose bled after the fall.

blow

blew

blown

dmuchać

The wind has blown the papers away.

break

broke

broken

łamać; niszczyć

She has broken her glasses again.

bring

brought

brought

przynosić

They brought snacks for everyone.

build

built

built

budować

A new library was built downtown.

burn

burned/burnt

burned/burnt

palić; spalać

The toast is burnt.

buy

bought

bought

kupować

We bought fresh fruit at the market.

catch

caught

caught

łapać; złapać

I caught the last bus home.

choose

chose

chosen

wybierać

She has chosen a different major.

come

came

come

przychodzić

Please come early tomorrow.

cost

cost

cost

kosztować

The jacket cost less than I expected.

cut

cut

cut

ciąć

He cut the paper into strips.

deal

dealt

dealt

radzić sobie; rozdawać

They dealt with the problem quickly.

dig

dug

dug

kopać

We dug a small garden bed.

do

did

done

robić; wykonywać

Have you done your homework yet?

draw

drew

drawn

rysować; ciągnąć

She drew a map for us.

drink

drank

drunk

pić

I’ve drunk enough water today.

drive

drove

driven

prowadzić (pojazd)

He drove all night to reach the coast.

eat

ate

eaten

jeść

We’ve eaten already, thanks.

fall

fell

fallen

upaść

The leaves have fallen early this year.

feed

fed

fed

karmić

She fed the cat before leaving.

feel

felt

felt

czuć; odczuwać

I felt nervous before the exam.

fight

fought

fought

walczyć; kłócić się

They have fought for equal rights.

find

found

found

znaleźć

I found my keys under the sofa.

fly

flew

flown

latać

He has flown to Tokyo twice this month.

forget

forgot

forgotten/forgot

zapominać

I’ve forgotten the door code.

forgive

forgave

forgiven

wybaczać

She has forgiven him at last.

freeze

froze

frozen

zamarzać

The lake froze overnight.

get

got

got/gotten*

dostać; stać się

She got promoted last week. (US: gotten as participle)

give

gave

given

dawać

He has given us helpful feedback.

go

went

gone

iść; podróżować

We’ve gone too far—turn back.

grow

grew

grown

rosnąć; uprawiać

They’ve grown tomatoes on the balcony.

have

had

had

mieć; doświadczać

We had a meeting at noon.

hear

heard

heard

słyszeć

I heard a loud knock at the door.

hide

hid

hidden

chować; ukrywać

The ring was hidden in a drawer.

hit

hit

hit

uderzać

She hit the target twice.

hold

held

held

trzymać

They held hands while crossing.

hurt

hurt

hurt

boleć; ranić

My ankle hurt after the run.

keep

kept

kept

trzymać; zachować

He’s kept every ticket from his trips.

know

knew

known

wiedzieć; znać

I’ve known her since primary school.

lead

led

led

prowadzić; kierować

She led the workshop last Friday.

learn

learned/learnt

learned/learnt

uczyć się

They’ve learnt a new skill.

leave

left

left

opuszczać; wyjeżdżać

We left early to avoid traffic.

lend

lent

lent

pożyczać

He lent me his charger.

let

let

let

pozwalać

They let us enter for free.

lie (recline)

lay

lain

leżeć

He has lain on the sofa all day.

lay (put)

laid

laid

kłaść

She laid the baby in the crib.

lose

lost

lost

zgubić; przegrać

We lost the final by one point.

make

made

made

robić; tworzyć

She made a cake for the party.

mean

meant

meant

znaczyć; mieć na myśli

I meant to email you yesterday.

meet

met

met

spotykać

We met at a language exchange.

pay

paid

paid

płacić

I’ve already paid the bill.

put

put

put

kłaść; umieszczać

Put your phone on silent, please.

read

read /rɛd/

read /rɛd/

czytać

I read the instructions twice.

ride

rode

ridden

jechać (rower/koń)

She’s ridden a camel once.

ring

rang

rung

dzwonić

The bell rang at midday.

rise

rose

risen

podnosić się; wzrastać

Prices have risen again this year.

run

ran

run

biegać; działać

They’ve run five kilometers today.

say

said

said

mówić

He said the meeting starts at two.

see

saw

seen

widzieć

We’ve seen this movie before.

sell

sold

sold

sprzedawać

They sold their old car last month.

send

sent

sent

wysyłać

I sent the report at 9 a.m.

set

set

set

ustawiać

Set the timer for 20 minutes.

shake

shook

shaken

trząść

She’s shaken the bottle—careful!

shine

shone/shined

shone/shined

świecić; polerować

The sun shone all afternoon.

shoot

shot

shot

strzelać; filmować

They shot the scene at night.

show

showed

shown/showed

pokazywać

I’ve shown them the new plan.

shut

shut

shut

zamykać

Please shut the window.

sing

sang

sung

śpiewać

He has sung in a choir for years.

sink

sank

sunk

tonąć

The boat sank near the shore.

sit

sat

sat

siedzieć

We sat near the stage.

sleep

slept

slept

spać

I slept better last night.

speak

spoke

spoken

mówić

She has spoken to the manager.

spend

spent

spent

spędzać; wydawać

We spent the weekend outdoors.

stand

stood

stood

stać

He stood in line for an hour.

steal

stole

stolen

kraść

Someone has stolen my bike.

swim

swam

swum

pływać

They’ve swum across the bay.

take

took

taken

brać; zabierać

Take an umbrella—it’s raining.

teach

taught

taught

uczyć

She has taught English online.

tear

tore

torn

drzeć

He tore the page by accident.

tell

told

told

powiedzieć; opowiadać

I told you the truth.

think

thought

thought

myśleć; uważać

We thought the shop was open.

throw

threw

thrown

rzucać

She’s thrown the ball to me.

understand

understood

understood

rozumieć

I understood the instructions clearly.

wake

woke/waked

woken/waked

budzić się

I woke at six without an alarm.

wear

wore

worn

nosić (ubrania)

He has worn that jacket all winter.

win

won

won

wygrać

They won the quiz last night.

write

wrote

written

pisać

She has written three emails today.